Nervous System and Its Function

NERVOUS  SYSTEM

The nervous system is the part of an animal’s body that coordinates its voluntary and involuntary actions and transmits signals to and from different parts of its body. The nervous system is made up of many nervous tissues which were found in the living beings many centuries ago. In the human beings and other vertebrates, the nervous system is said to have two major parts, which are called the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. In the later part, the nerves are the integral part of the nervous system which are responsible for connecting the CNS central nervous system to each and every part of the body and its organs.

nervous-system

 

Parts And Function Of Nervous System

The nervous system is a complex system in the brain which is made of a large number of cells called the neurons. Neurons are also called the e nerve cells and their function is to send the brain signals to the other cells and parts of the body. They send signals very rapidly and the signals are in the form of electrochemical waves. These electrochemical waves travel along the fibers which are called the axons and this is how many neural networks are connected together. Nervous system also contain some other type of cells which are known simply as the glial cells. The function of glial cells is to provide the structural support in the multicellular organisms and animals.

One part of the body receives the signals from the other part of the body through the central nervous system. There are some popular disorders and diseases in the nervous system that in the study or neurology are called neuropathy. For example, there is peripheral neuropathy and diabetic neuropathy, both can be dangerous and can be caused due to different reasons, Another dangerous nervous system disorder is known as multiple sclerosis. Hundreds of different types of neurons are found the nervous system of a human being, it is a very complex structure which can only be understood by the careful study of anatomy in the medical study/

The two most popular kinds of neurons in the brain are motor neurons and the sensory neurons.Sensory neurons are responsible for physical stimuli and motor neurons play an important part in the activity of muscles and glands, In the CNS, there is the brain and the spinal cord, the layer that protects and encloses the central nervous system is called the meninges. The peripheral nervous system has a different structure and it does not reside inside the central nervous system. The peripheral nervous system is also divided into two parts which are know as somatic and visceral.

The nervous system of other species like Anthropods and insects is made up of ganglia. In many insects, these cells do not contribute towards the electrical signals as compared to humans, they only contribute in the metabolic function of their bodies. The nervous system whether  in humans or animals send signals from cell to cell inside the body. The signals are not similar to the electrical signals outside in our environment which are broadcasted through the air, the signals in the nervous system are point to point signals that travel from one cell to another.

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